Melanoma of the eye, or the eye melanoma is a rare type of cancer that affects different parts of the eye, particularly the choroid, the ciliary body, and iris. Choroidal melanoma is the most common type of cancer in the eye.
Many people are confused by aspects of melanoma eye cancer types, as melanoma is most commonly associated with the skin. Melanoma develops from melanocytes, the cells that contain dark pigment (melanin) that defines the skin coloring. Melanocytes are not exclusive to the skin, melanocytes can be found in the hair, eyes and lining of some organs.
Melanoma Causes Eye
As with other types of cancer, we are not quite sure what the cause of ocular melanoma, but there is a suspicion that this is related to exposure to the sun's UV rays. However, this theory has not been proven. Although the causes of ocular melanoma can not be determined precisely, the researchers have identified risk factors for the disease. Risk factors for ocular melanoma include:
- White or have a hair color and eye color are shining
- Dysplastic nevus syndrome, a condition that causes abnormal moles
- Having melanocytosis oculodermal, a rare condition that causes increased and abnormal eye and skin pigmentation around the eyes
Symptoms of Melanoma Eye
Sometimes there are visible symptoms of ocular melanoma, especially in the early stages. In this case, eye melanoma is usually diagnosed through a routine eye examination by an optician. Symptoms of melanoma of the eye include:
• Blurred vision in one eye
• Floaters (small spots on the eyes)
• Changes in iris color or dark spots on the iris
• red and sore eyes
• Eyes bulging
• Loss of peripheral vision
Melanoma Treatment Eye
Treatment of ocular melanoma is based on the eye are affected and whether it has spread to other parts of the body. Surgery is a common treatment method by removing part or all of the eye.
Removal of the eye (enucleation) may be required in some cases of large tumors when other treatment methods are not suitable. Artificial eye can be made in many cases. Prosthetic eye is now far more realistic than in the past. Created by a talented, trained people called ocularists.
Radiation therapy is also a common method of treatment of ocular melanoma. This may only be done after treatment or surgery. There are two types of radiation therapy are external and internal. Both use a certain energy to disrupt the activity of cancer cells to eliminate them and prevent cell division.
External radiation delivering radiation from a special machine that targets the tumor site externally. The method is specific and limit radiation damage to surrounding tissue.
Internal radiation (brachytherapy), often called plaque therapy, treatment of ocular melanoma using the "seed" or "plaques" radioactive implanted near the tumor site to provide therapy. Typically, remained embedded for 7 days and then taken.
Radiation therapy is effective against ocular melanoma, but not without side effects. Red, dry eye is a common side effect. Cataracts are sometimes the result of the therapy, but surgery may be an option to remove it. Bilumata loss and shortening may also occur. Radiation therapy can cause damage to the optic nerve, glaucoma, and abnormal blood vessels in the retina, but it rarely happens.
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